S2.4. Species recognized by Global Biotic Interactions. Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) caused by Exserohilum turcicum is an endemic foliar disease in the Argentinean maize production area. Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 0.9 and GBIF classification. Exserohilum turcicum is an important pathogen of both sorghum and maize, causing sorghum leaf blight and northern corn leaf blight. The damage can be of up to 50% (11), depending … They live on plant material like grasses, rotten wood and in the soil. Isolates which do not overcome any known R gene are termed Race 0. Hybrids with partial resistance to NCLB typically produce fewer and smaller figure 2. [5] A single mating type locus was identified the next year [6], The mating type locus of S. turcica follows the same naming convention as other filamentous ascomycetes: the locus is known as MAT1, while the two idiomorphs (genes at this locus which are not alleles, as they do not derive from a common ancestor) are known as MAT1-1 and MAT1-2[7], Genotyping of S. turcica populations has shown that sexual reproduction in a given population might be commonplace, extremely rare, or anywhere in between. The researchers followed the following steps to recognize and identify the above maize leaf diseases. is known localized wilt within the leaf tissues. is caused by Exserohilum turcicum Leonard & Suggs (synon. Teleomorphs are contained within the genus … It is frequently devastated by Turcicum leaf blight, caused by Exserohilum turcicum, leading to considerable grain and fodder yield losses. Classification Exserohilum Rostratum Essay. Exserohilum turcicum and Puccinia sorghi cause foliar fungal diseases that affect maize crop in Argentina. A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the cultural and morphological variation for the 13 isolates of maize Turcicum leaf blight (TLB) caused by Exserohilum turcicum. [3] Genotyping of isolates sampled from the eastern United States later revealed that while Race 0 was predominant in the mid-1970s, Race 1 spread rapidly, becoming the most prevalent race in the region by the mid-1990s. Pataky, J. K. and Ledencan, T. (2006). Helminthosporium turcicum Pass) [teleomorph Setosphaeria turcica (Lutterell), synon. Exserohilum is a genus of fungi in the family Pleosporaceae. Leonard & Suggs, Mycologia 66 (2): 291 (1974) ≡ Helminthosporium turcicum Pass., Boln Comiz. [3], "Species Fungorum (version 28th September 2015). Known occurrences, collected specimens and observations of Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) The foliar fungal pathogen Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) The results revealed that, among the isolates of Trichoderma spp, maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of 83.04 per cent was noticed in T. harzianum (Th-5). However, the molecular function of ERF in response to Exserohilum turcicum (E. turcicum) remains unknown in maize. Phytopathology 78:149-153. Leonard & Suggs English Common Name(s): northern corn leaf blight; corn leaf blight Taxonomic Rank: Fungi: Ascomycota: Dothideomycetes: Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Index Fungorum ID: 314060 Synonym(s): Setosphaeria turcica (Luttr.) Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) 2007. races) of the Exserohilum turcicum fungus. Genetic and Morphological Diversity in Exserohilum Turcicum, Incitant of Turcicum Leaf Blight in MaizeSangit Kumar, Meena Shekhar, Archana Sharma, B. M. Prasanna Directorate of Maize Research, Pusa Campus IARI, New Delhi, 110012 India Fig 1 Exserohilum turcicum (holotype). Genetic and Morphological Diversity in Exserohilum Turcicum, Incitant of Turcicum Leaf Blight in Maize 1. d. Conidiophore and conidium. The relation between isozymes of -1,3-glucanase and resistance of near-isogenic maize inbred lines to Exserohilum turcicum. Leonard & Suggs, (1974) The sexual reproductive (or ascigerous) states of Exserohilum species are known as Setosphaeria. Keissleriella turcica (Luttr.) Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences. Race 1, which overcomes the Ht1 resistance gene, was originally discovered in Hawaii in 1973. & B.L. The "perfect stage" (sexual stage or teleomorph) was first described in 1958. The inbred mapping (IBM) population, an advanced inter-cross RIL population, derived from a cross between Mo17 and B73 lines, was evaluated for NLB resistance. The texture varies from suede-like to floccose in texture. Resistance conferred by the Ht1 gene in sweet corn infected … (Exserohilum turcicum) of sorghum in major sorghum growing regions of Northern Karnataka Raghavender Yelgurty, SK Jayalkshmi, B Zaheer Ahamed, Sreedevi S Chavan and G Girish Abstract A roving survey was carried out to assess severity of turcicum leaf blight (TLB) in … Developing varieties with resistance against E. turcicum is the most cost-effective way to manage the disease. Helminthosporium turcicum Pass) [teleomorph Setosphaeria turcica (Lutterell), synon. Plant Diseases, 78: 519-522. Juliana, B. O., Marco, O. G. and Luis, E. A. C. (2005). The ethylene response factor (ERF) plays a crucial role in plant innate immunity. Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) K.J. K. J. Leonard & Suggs (syn. Incidence of leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Observation on variation in … Because the same pathogen can infect and cause major losses for two of the most important grain crops, it is an ideal pathosystem to study plant-pathogen evolution and investigate shared resistance mechanisms between the two plant species. epitype of Exserohilum turcicum: CBS:H:23323 lectotype of Exserohilum turcicum: BPI:431157 culture from epitype of Exserohilum turcicum: CBS:690.71 Human civilisation has been firmly connected with … Khokhr. ), is a major disease of maize ... analysis based on the nucleic acid or protein databases of NCBI to understand better the biological function and classification of these miRNA targets, as well as their associated metabolic regulatory networks. However, the molecular function of ERF in response to Exserohilum turcicum (E. turcicum) remains unknown in maize. E. turcicum is a fungal phytopathogen causing T urcicum Leaf Blight and responsible for a severe loss of yield in Maize. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life", "Phaeohyphomycosis of the nasal sinuses caused by a new species of, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exserohilum&oldid=980311584, Articles containing potentially dated statements from October 2015, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 25 September 2020, at 19:55. Leonard and Suggs, the causal agent of northern leaf blight of corn, overwinters onSorghum halepense L. plants and on corn debris (dead leaves). View this species on GBIF Helminthosporium inconspicuum Cooke & Ellis, (1878) A new system of race nomenclature for E. turcicum (Setosphaeria turcica) similar to that used for races of Phytophthora infestans is proposed. Gentics and molecular Biology, 28 (3): 435-439. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 14(4):285-288. Exserohilum turcicum is a polycyclic, heterothallic, facultative parasite. Species recognized by wikipedia FR and wikipedia EN. e. I Immature and mature conidia. The genus Exserohilum contains about 35 species and may be differentiated from the closely related genera Bipolaris and Dreschlera by forming conidia with a strongly protruding truncate hilum (i.e. Leonard and Suggs is the most serious fungal disease of this crop. 1973. Known occurrences, collected specimens and observations of Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) However, there is little in … The ethylene response factor (ERF) plays a crucial role in plant innate immunity. Leonard and Suggs (1974) have proposed the nomenclature of the organism as Exserohilum turcicum (Pass. K. J. Leonard & Suggs 1974. The determination of Exserohilum turcicum virulence factors and resistance responses of three sets of maize inbred lines (four differential, eight isogenic and 22 commercial inbreeds) to three isolates of this pathogen under greenhouse conditions were studied. The cultural variability was carried out on five solid media namely Czapek's medium, Glucose peptone medium, maize leaf extract medium, potato dextrose agar medium and Richard's medium. The most important strategy for controlling Northern Leaf Blight is to use resistant varieties derived from qualitative and quantitative traits of corn grown around the world. Hybrid These one-celled reproductive units are concave and can be seen in the suspensor. Severe losses in grain yield of maize crop due to epidemics of turcicum leaf blight disease and these losses up to 25 to 90 % depending upon the severity of the disease (Chenulu and Hora, 1962; Jha, 1993). a. Herbarium material. Scale bar: b = 200 µm, c, d, h, i = 50 µm, e-g = 20 µm. Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) View this species on GBIF The determination of Exserohilum turcicum virulence factors and resistance responses of three sets of maize inbred lines (four differential, eight isogenic and 22 commercial inbreeds) to three isolates All possible crosses between four corn inbred lines known to differ in expansion curve appeared to be under host genotype control. 1959. activity against Exserohilum turcicum was isolated from a soil collected from Gama, Hadjer lamis, Chad. Leonard & Suggs, Mycologia 66: 291 (1974) [MB#314060] The end cells are paler and the walls finely roughened. Proposed nomenclature for mating type genes of filamentous Ascomycetes. proposed to recognize and classify four types of (Exserohilum turcicum, brown spot, gray spot, curvularia lunata and round spot) maize leaf diseases that occurred in china farm area. Exserohilum turcicumis a polycyclic, heterothallic, facultative parasite. Shoemaker, Canadian Journal of Botany 37 (5): 884 (1959). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been recently reported as gene expression regulators related to several stress responses; however, evidence of the role of miRNAs in plant response to biotic stresses is limited. Leonard & Suggs] of maize (Zea mays L.) through integration of host resistance and fungicide at Bako, Western Ethiopia Megersa Debela1*, Mashilla Dejene1 and Wende Abera2 1School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, Ethiopia. Genotyping of 264 isolates of S. turcica from temperate and tropical regions found that tropical populations had very high genetic diversity, an equal proportion of the two mating types, and low amounts of linkage disequilibrium between different genetic loci, all suggestive of frequent sexual mating and recombination. Disease control usually consists in the use of resistant cultivars and chemical control. Races of S. turcica are named for the maize R genes which are not effective against them. 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