Justify this statement. The respiration system consists of organs responsible for taking in oxygen for respiration and releasing carbon dioxide and water vapour, which are the waste-products-formed during respiration. Question 15. (b) Stimulation of chemoreceptors in muscles by the acid metabolites. This relieves pain. In an untrained male, it is 70 mL/beat to 90 mL/beat. Answer. Physical activity in the form of stimulus to the 22. muscle plays a significant role in the fibre type distribution with advancing age. Exercise improves flexibility by strengthening the musculoskeletal systems, thereby preventing the stiffening of joints. There will be more stress, greater chances of injury and less flexibility. Here we have given Physical Education Class 12 Important Questions Chapter 8 Physiology and Sports. Maximising the minute ventilation Maximum minute ventilation in an untrained individual is about 100 L/min, whereas in trained athletes it increases to more than 150-160 L/min. Question.8. Weight of the normal adult heart is 250-300 gm. Justify. However, did you know that too much exercise, specifically exercise involving cardiovascular endurance training, may actually be bad for you? Explain the effects of ageing on accumulation of fat. So the rise of arterial blood pressure during exercise is due to: (a) Increase of cardiac output, causing greater distention of aorta and large arteries. What is the size of the heart and resting heart rate? And for the most part, those people are right. Stroke volume amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle by each beat increases, because of intensive exercise. Besides this, Rushmer (1959) has claimed that the increased cardiac output during exercise does not necessarily involve increase in stroke volume and heart rate. Answer. (i) What values are shown by Mr Ram? During vigorous exercise, heart rate can increase dramatically (the rule of thumb given for maximal heart rate is 220 minus your age). The stroke volume, meaning the amount of blood pumped into the Aorta with every heartbeat, increases from a resting volume of 70 – 90 mL to 100 – 120 mL per beat. I think you get old ‘ because you give up things.” Give your opinion what you think about this with the help of physiological changes due to ageing. A trainer can improve the respiratory system with the help of exercise. Question.4. Exercising develops the muscles of the heart. the upper limit called ‘systolic pressure’ and the lower limit called the ‘diastolic pressure’. Exercise physiology is the study of how exercise alters the function and structure of the body. Answer. What is the the effect of exercise on the cardiovascular system? of capillaries is increased with the increase of Muscle mass. 2. During exercise the cardiac output is greatly increased. 12 L. Increasing the pulmonary diffusion During maximal level of exercise, more alveoli become active for diffusion. The heart rate increases from a resting rate of 72 beats / min to 150 beats / min or even more. Regular exercise delays the oriset of fatigue as exercise develops the fitness levels and increases – endurance thereby delaying fatigue: Question 10. Explain the term hypertrophy of muscles. The explanation is mostly based on the animal experimentation. The redistribution of blood flow at rest and during exercise is given below : 5 Marks Questions Explain. Answer: Whenever we perform any strenuous exercise, the demand for oxygen increases, therefore during exercise the supply of oxygen to the muscles is the urgent need as oxygen cannot be stored in muscles. Regular physical activity keeps the human body livelier, fitter and in better condition for long years before any ageing sets in and keeps it functionally fit, as is discussed below. Due to two primary … exercise is increased with effect of exercise on cardiovascular system class 12 increase in return... 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